{"id":6964,"date":"2026-06-12T15:58:47","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T12:28:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/new\/wordpress\/darjeelingdeki-soguk-su-sazani-yetistirme-sistemine-bir-bakis\/"},"modified":"2026-06-16T06:33:19","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T03:03:19","slug":"darjeelingdeki-soguk-su-sazani-yetistirme-sistemine-bir-bakis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/darjeelingdeki-soguk-su-sazani-yetistirme-sistemine-bir-bakis\/","title":{"rendered":"Darjeeling&#8217;deki so\u011fuk su sazan\u0131 yeti\u015ftirme sistemine bir bak\u0131\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6964\" class=\"elementor elementor-6964 elementor-6785\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true}}\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f3ef19 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9f3ef19\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e2b6df4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e2b6df4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bat\u0131 Bengal&#8217;in da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerindeki beton havuzlarda (jhora ad\u0131 verilen) akan suyla bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi, b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmakla kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda aile gelirlerinin artmas\u0131na da katk\u0131da bulunuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Jhora \u00e7ift\u00e7ilik sistemi, da\u011f kaynaklar\u0131ndan sulanan yapay tanklarda so\u011fuk su bal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yeti\u015ftirilmesinin e\u015fsiz bir y\u00f6ntemidir.<\/p>\n<p>Emekli bir devlet memuru olan Jit Bahadu Subba, Bat\u0131 Bengal&#8217;in Kalimpong b\u00f6lgesindeki da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgede bulunan uzak bir k\u00f6y olan Reang&#8217;da ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>61 ya\u015f\u0131nda olan Subba, da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgedeki ula\u015f\u0131m sorunlar\u0131 ve maddi k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar nedeniyle \u00f6zellikle sebze ve meyve olmak \u00fczere g\u0131da maddelerini pazardan temin etmekte zorlan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>Ancak \u015fimdi ailesinin yeterli protein ald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin.<\/p>\n<p>Ailesinin bal\u0131k ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in, evinin i\u00e7inde bulunan ve yerel olarak jhora ad\u0131 verilen bir havuza g\u00fcveniyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTepelerle \u00e7evrili, \u00fccra bir b\u00f6lgede ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Yerel pazarlarda her zaman bol miktarda meyve ve sebze bulunmuyor, ancak Jhora bunu bal\u0131k sa\u011flayarak telafi ediyor. Beton havuzum yakla\u015f\u0131k 43 x 33 feet (13 x 10 metre) boyutlar\u0131nda ve 3,5 feet (1 metre) derinli\u011finde. Sekiz ay \u00f6nce i\u00e7ine \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu sazan ve ot sazan\u0131 olmak \u00fczere 1000 yavru bal\u0131k b\u0131rakt\u0131m. Onlar\u0131 pirin\u00e7 kepe\u011fi, organik g\u00fcbre ve soya fasulyesiyle besliyoruz. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l, b\u00f6lgedeki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 so\u011fuk nedeniyle 50 bal\u0131k \u00f6ld\u00fc. Geri kalanlar hayatta kald\u0131 ve yar\u0131m kilo a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndayd\u0131. \u0130htiya\u00e7 duyduk\u00e7a onlar\u0131 yakal\u0131yoruz. Bal\u0131klar lezzetli ve bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da rezervasyon yapt\u0131ran kom\u015fulara sat\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu havuz gelirimi art\u0131rmama yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Jeet yaln\u0131z de\u011fil. Darjeeling b\u00f6lgesinin Kalimpong yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki tepelerinde, 6000&#8217;den fazla yerel sakin Jhora y\u00f6ntemiyle bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi yap\u0131yor; bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin kendi t\u00fcketimi i\u00e7in, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ise sat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Jit Bahadur Subba, Bat\u0131 Bengal&#8217;de Jhora y\u00f6ntemiyle bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiren 6.000 yerliden biridir.<\/p>\n<h4>Jhora bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi nedir?<\/h4>\n<p>Jhora bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi, s\u00fcrekli kaynayan da\u011f kaynaklar\u0131ndan sulanan yapay tanklarda bal\u0131k tutma y\u00f6ntemidir. Bu, Hindistan&#8217;daki Darjeeling ve Kalimpong&#8217;un karla kapl\u0131 tepelerinde uygulanan e\u015fsiz bir so\u011fuk su bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi y\u00f6ntemidir. Bu b\u00f6lgeler d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinden turistleri cezbetmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBu y\u00f6ntemde, biz [\u00e7ift\u00e7iler] genellikle evimizin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir arazi se\u00e7er ve i\u00e7ine bir tank in\u015fa ederiz. Tanklar\u0131n boyutu araziye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir. Su, tepelerde akan derelere ba\u011fl\u0131 uzun borular arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla tanka getirilir. Bu dereler tanktan sadece birka\u00e7 metre uzaktad\u0131r. Su, oksijen seviyelerinin korunmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in g\u00fcn\u00fcn her saati s\u00fcrekli akar. Fazla suyu bo\u015faltmak i\u00e7in tankta k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f da yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu fazla su, tar\u0131m i\u00e7in zengin organik g\u00fcbre sa\u011flayan bal\u0131k at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir.\u201d Bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi y\u0131l boyunca devam ediyor ve hasat edilen bal\u0131klar aile taraf\u0131ndan t\u00fcketiliyor.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Jhora nehrine s\u00fcrekli akan yerel derelerden gelen tatl\u0131 su, oksijen seviyelerini sabit tutuyor.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131demli bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yetkililerine g\u00f6re, havuzun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lgeye ba\u011fl\u0131. \u201cBu b\u00f6lge tepelerle ve engebeli araziyle dolu, bu da b\u00fcy\u00fck havuzlar in\u015fa etmeyi zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Y\u0131lda bir kez yavru bal\u0131k, a\u011f ve yem sa\u011fl\u0131yoruz. Eskiden \u00e7ift\u00e7ilere havuz in\u015fa etmeleri i\u00e7in 8.000-10.000 rupi (105-130 dolar) s\u00fcbvansiyon veriyorduk, ancak son iki y\u0131ld\u0131r h\u00fck\u00fcmet b\u00f6yle bir s\u00fcbvansiyon vermiyor.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Sistemin basitli\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sadece Darjeeling tepelerinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 garip g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir, ancak y\u00f6ntemin yayg\u0131n olmamas\u0131n\u0131n nedenleri var.<\/p>\n<p>Bat\u0131 Bengal&#8217;deki bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Partha Pratim Das, Kuzey Bengal tepelerinin hala el de\u011fmemi\u015f ve bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgede kirlilikten ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu, bunun Hindistan&#8217;\u0131n geri kalan\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen bir durum oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kuzey Bengal&#8217;in tepelerindeki arazinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 hala el de\u011fmemi\u015f ve kirlilikten ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f durumda; bu durum Hindistan&#8217;\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen bir \u00f6zellik.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKuzey Bengal&#8217;de y\u0131l\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde kesintisiz su kayna\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayan yo\u011fun ormanlara sahip oldu\u011fumuz i\u00e7in \u015fansl\u0131y\u0131z. \u0130nsanlar do\u011fa sever ve yerel su kaynaklar\u0131na taparlar. Bu kaynaklar\u0131n kirlenmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in etraflar\u0131na \u00e7itler in\u015fa ederler. Bu b\u00f6lgedeki su, bal\u0131klar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan mineraller a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengindir. Kirlenmemi\u015f su en az hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yayar. Su depolar\u0131n\u0131n ortalama b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, arazinin konumuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak 23 x 10 fitten 40 x 15 fite ve bazen daha da b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlara kadar de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Ortalama olarak, her bir su deposuna 1000 bal\u0131k yerle\u015ftirilir.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Jhora, da\u011f derelerinden gelen tatl\u0131 suyla besleniyor.<\/p>\n<h4>Jhora bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftirme sisteminin k\u00f6kenleri<\/h4>\n<p>Jhora bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin devreye girip k\u00f6yl\u00fclere bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fini te\u015fvik etmek ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmeyi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7imento havuzlar\u0131 in\u015fa etmesiyle 1980&#8217;lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiriyoruz, ancak y\u00f6ntem farkl\u0131yd\u0131. Eskiden, derenin yak\u0131n\u0131nda topra\u011fa k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck havuzlar kaz\u0131p yavrular\u0131 i\u00e7ine b\u0131rak\u0131yorduk. Dere, 7\/24 suya eri\u015fim sa\u011fl\u0131yordu. Ancak h\u00fck\u00fcmet sistemi resmile\u015ftirdi ve 1982&#8217;de daha fazla insan\u0131 bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fine \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in bize \u00e7imento tanklar\u0131 in\u015fa etti. H\u00fck\u00fcmet, bu rak\u0131mda bal\u0131klar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini incelemek i\u00e7in dokuz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcnite (13,0 m2) kurarak bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fine ba\u015flad\u0131,&#8221; diyor Kalimpong b\u00f6lgesinde 65 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir \u00e7ift\u00e7i olan Pawan Bhutia. Bu ko\u015fullarda hayatta kalabilecek ekonomik olarak uygun bal\u0131klar se\u00e7ildi. Sonu\u00e7lar cesaret vericiydi. 9 ay sonra, Jhora havuzundan yakla\u015f\u0131k 100-120 kg yemeklik bal\u0131k hasat edildi. Bu \u00fcretim, yetkilileri tepelerde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fine ba\u015flamaya te\u015fvik etti ve yerel halka havuz yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in %50 oran\u0131nda s\u00fcbvansiyon verildi.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eu anda Kalimpong ve Darjeeling tepelerinde 5.000 adet Jhora (g\u00f6let) bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u015eu anda Kalimpong ve Darjeeling tepelerinde 5.000 Jahora (tank) bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4>Bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi i\u00e7in Tahidistan belirlendi<\/h4>\n<p>2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda eyalet h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Bat\u0131 Bengal Banliy\u00f6 Sulamas\u0131n\u0131n H\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Geli\u015ftirilmesi (ADMI) projesi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla mali a\u00e7\u0131dan dezavantajl\u0131 yerel sakinler i\u00e7in tanklar in\u015fa etti.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen kurulu\u015f Disha&#8217;da proje uygulamas\u0131 i\u00e7in topluluk seferberli\u011fi uzman\u0131 Bijoy Damin Gurung, &#8220;\u0130lk kez yard\u0131ma uygun 500&#8217;den fazla ki\u015fiyi belirledik&#8221; diye hat\u0131rlad\u0131. Tank\u0131n zeminini kazd\u0131k ve tank\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 ve kenarlar\u0131n\u0131 mavi polietilen levhalarla kaplad\u0131k. Bir \u00e7imento tank\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 70.000 rupi (919 $) gibi y\u00fcksek bir maliyet gerektirdi\u011finden, bu levhalar \u00fcretim maliyetini azaltmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak polietilen levhalar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 bu maliyeti \u00fc\u00e7te bire indirir. Ayr\u0131ca onlara 150 adet tilapia, adi sazan, ot sazan\u0131 ve roha sazan\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131k. Bal\u0131klar ticari yemlerle beslendi. Amac\u0131m\u0131z b\u00f6lgenin yerlilerini Jahora&#8217;da \u00fcremeye \u00e7ekmekti. &#8220;Bundan sonra onlara her y\u0131l 150 yavru da\u011f\u0131taca\u011f\u0131z.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Bat\u0131 Bengal K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Sulama Alanlar\u0131n\u0131n H\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Geli\u015ftirilmesi (ADMI) projesi kapsam\u0131nda ekonomik olarak dezavantajl\u0131 kesimler i\u00e7in su depolar\u0131 in\u015fa edildi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ift\u00e7iler, yavru bal\u0131klar\u0131 yerel pazardan temin ettiklerini ve yumurtalar\u0131 depolara b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Kalimpong&#8217;daki Manchu Sakyong&#8217;dan bir \u00e7ift\u00e7i olan Bimal Bai, \u201cOnlar\u0131 organik g\u00fcbre, bu\u011fday ve pirin\u00e7 kepe\u011fiyle besliyoruz. Ot sazan\u0131n\u0131n 1,5 kg&#8217;a ula\u015fmas\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131 ay s\u00fcr\u00fcyor, ancak ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde adi sazan yar\u0131m kg&#8217;a ula\u015f\u0131yor\u201d dedi. \u201cDepoda yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 bal\u0131k besliyoruz.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>35 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ift\u00e7inin 15&#215;10 fitlik, su seviyesi 2 fit olan bir deposu var.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEkipmanlar\u0131m\u0131z aras\u0131nda olta kam\u0131\u015flar\u0131, a\u011flar, su temini i\u00e7in borular ve bal\u0131klar\u0131n ka\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta bir vana bulunuyor. Ayr\u0131ca, bal\u0131klar\u0131 hastal\u0131klardan korumak i\u00e7in her 15 g\u00fcnde bir suya kire\u00e7 ve potasyum kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 serpiyoruz.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Sarad Rai, Hindistan&#8217;\u0131n Kalimpong \u015fehrindeki Jhora&#8217;da ya\u015fayan bir \u00e7ift\u00e7i.<\/p>\n<h4>Y\u00fcksek \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131<\/h4>\n<p>Proje ciddi sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. Tilapia ve k\u0131z\u0131l bal\u0131k gibi t\u00fcrler, k\u0131\u015f\u0131n tepelerin so\u011fuk su ko\u015fullar\u0131na uyum sa\u011flayamad\u0131 ve \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>Kalimpong&#8217;daki Sakyon k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ya\u015fayan 34 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ift\u00e7i Kumadou Chatri, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6lete yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 tilapia b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak ge\u00e7en Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda 80 bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n so\u011fuk suda \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-9.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Komadoi Chhetri, so\u011fuk havalarda y\u00fcksek bal\u0131k \u00f6l\u00fcmleriyle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmakta zorlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSo\u011fuk bir k\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bal\u0131klar hava ko\u015fullar\u0131na uyum sa\u011flayamad\u0131. Ancak 2019&#8217;da da \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 y\u00fcksekti; 150 yavrudan 130&#8217;u \u00f6ld\u00fc. Baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 hasat etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k, ancak \u015fimdiye kadar sonu\u00e7lar iyi olmad\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Y\u00fcksek \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bal\u0131k havuzlar\u0131nda ba\u015fka sorunlar da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve bu da havuzlar\u0131n kayb\u0131na ve ciddi ekonomik kay\u0131plara yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Jhora&#8217;daki bir\u00e7ok tank\u0131n onar\u0131ma ihtiyac\u0131 var ve su s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na ve bal\u0131k hasad\u0131na zarar veren \u00e7atlaklar mevcut. Y\u00fcksek \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7iler i\u00e7in endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k geli\u015ftirme g\u00f6revlisi Pradam, \u201cSo\u011fuk hava, \u0131l\u0131man iklim kulu\u00e7kahanelerinden gelen bal\u0131klar\u0131n uyum sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 genellikle zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor ve strese maruz kal\u0131yorlar\u201d dedi. \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 50&#8217;ye kadar \u00e7\u0131kabiliyor, ancak bu her zaman olmuyor. Bal\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi i\u00e7in ideal s\u0131cakl\u0131k 20 ile 26 derece aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ancak burada, k\u0131\u015f\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131k 20 derecenin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>Kalimpong Modeli<\/h4>\n<p>Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Partha Pratim, Jhora g\u00f6letlerindeki \u00f6l\u00fcmleri en aza indirece\u011fine inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 &#8220;Kalimpong Modeli&#8221; ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi yeni bir bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemini \u00f6neriyor.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Son zamanlarda, \u00e7ift\u00e7iler ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yetkilileri, Jhora sisteminde bal\u0131k \u00f6l\u00fcmlerini en aza indirmek i\u00e7in \u2018Kalimpong modeli\u2019ni uygulamaya koydular.<\/p>\n<p>Pratim, \u201cDevlet h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, \u00f6nerimiz do\u011frultusunda demir \u00e7ubuklar ve mavi polietilen levhalardan olu\u015fan bir tank evi in\u015fa etti. \u0130\u00e7indeki PVC tank\u0131n 5.000 yavru bal\u0131k kapasitesi var. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l, \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 alabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve di\u011ferleri gibi yerel t\u00fcrlerden olu\u015fan 4.000 yavru bal\u0131k b\u0131rakt\u0131k ve \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 sadece y\u00fczde 5 oldu. \u00c7o\u011funa ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200b(0,8 mm) ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme (2 mm&#8217;ye kadar) yemleri ile y\u00fczen peletler verildi. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta tankta 20\u00b0C&#8217;nin alt\u0131nda bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta su tutuldu ve daha sonra oksijen seviyelerini korumak i\u00e7in su bal\u0131k tank\u0131na kademeli olarak aktar\u0131ld\u0131,\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c90 uygun ki\u015fiyi belirledik ve onlar i\u00e7in dokuz polietilen tank evi in\u015fa ettik,\u201d diye ekliyor. \u00c7imento tanklar\u0131n\u0131n tipik kapasitesi 16.000 litre su iken, bu tanklar 20.000 litreye kadar su tutabilir. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00e7imento tanklar\u0131 birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra \u00e7atlama e\u011filimindedir, bu durum polietilen tank evlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmez.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc-\u0628\u0647-\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u06a9\u067e\u0648\u0631-\u062f\u0631-\u0622\u0628-\u0633\u0631\u062f-\u062f\u0631-\u0634\u0647\u0631-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af-11.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Kalimpong modeli&#8221;nde, tank evleri metal \u00e7ubuklar ve polietilen levhalarla in\u015fa ediliyor ve 5.000 yavru bal\u0131k depolama kapasitesine sahip.<\/p>\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok Jhora \u00e7ift\u00e7isi, havuzlar\u0131n\u0131n ve ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imlerinin bir gelece\u011fi oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Rai g\u00fcl\u00fcmseyerek, &#8220;Bu tepeler bize do\u011fal su sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z konusunda endi\u015felenmiyoruz. Besleyecek bal\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z ve hayran kalaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z do\u011fam\u0131z var. Da\u011flar ya\u015fas\u0131n!&#8221; diyor.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bat\u0131 Bengal&#8217;in da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerindeki beton havuzlarda (jhora ad\u0131 verilen) akan suyla bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi, b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmakla kalm\u0131yor, &#8230; <a class=\"cz_readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/darjeelingdeki-soguk-su-sazani-yetistirme-sistemine-bir-bakis\/\"><i class=\"fa czico-061-menu-4\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span>Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6556,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[397,300,304,303,302],"tags":[306,313],"class_list":["post-6964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomik-uretim","category-haberler-ve-makaleler","category-profesyonel-yetistirici","category-sazan","category-su-ekonomisi","tag-sazan","tag-313"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6964","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6964"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6964\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6965,"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6964\/revisions\/6965"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6556"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/btagro.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}